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Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9902
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alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Friday, October 14 2022 Volume 14 : Number 9902



                               Today's Subjects:
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  BONUS: $100 RED LOBSTER Gift Card Opportunity  ["URGENT Notification" <You]

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Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2022 10:07:00 +0200
From: "URGENT Notification" <YoureApproved@markethighsurvey.shop>
Subject: BONUS: $100 RED LOBSTER Gift Card Opportunity

BONUS: $100 RED LOBSTER Gift Card Opportunity

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The Turkish word for "Ottoman" (Osmanl?) originally referred to the tribal followers of Osman in the fourteenth century. The word subsequently came to be used to refer to the empire's military-administrative elite. In contrast, the term "Turk" (TC<rk) was used to refer to the Anatolian peasant and tribal population and was seen as a disparaging term when applied to urban, educated individuals.:?xxvi? In the early modern period, an educated, urban-dwelling Turkish-speaker who was not a member of the military-administrative class would often refer to himself neither as an Osmanl? nor as a TC<rk, but rather as a R?m? (????), or "Roman", meaning an inhabitant of the territory of the former Byzantine Empire in the Balkans and Anatolia. The term R?m? was also used to refer to Turkish speakers by the other Muslim peoples of the empire and beyond.:?11? As applied to Ottoman Turkish-speakers, this term began to fall out of use at the end of the seventeenth century, and instead of the word increasingly became associated with the Greek population of the empire, a meaning that it still bears in Turkey today.:?51?

In Western Europe, the names Ottoman Empire, Turkish Empire and Turkey were often used interchangeably, with Turkey being increasingly favoured both in formal and informal situations. This dichotomy was officially ended in 1920b1923, when the newly established Ankara-based Turkish government chose Turkey as the sole official name. At present, most scholarly historians avoid the terms "Turkey", "Turks", and "Turkish" when referring to the Ottomans, due to the empire's multinational characte

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End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9902
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