From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9539 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Thursday, August 18 2022 Volume 14 : Number 9539 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Exclusions on our comprehensive plans. ["AHW Plumbing Systems" Subject: Exclusions on our comprehensive plans. Exclusions on our comprehensive plans. http://homewarranti.sa.com/uRczFbGCC71e8yJbHvIYamRbmBUDRqO68sEUKCELcemeHs564Q http://homewarranti.sa.com/b3KP0WkBMETTPyGpCrd0Bu5HPXdC3atLzpN69xE9C6phrcZ4_Q us threatened by several factors during this period. These were Uthman's interference in provincial affairs, overcrowding of the garrison towns by a continuous tribal influx from Arabia, diminishing revenue from the conquests, and the growing influence of the pre-Islamic tribal nobility. Opposition by the Iraqi early-comers, who became known as the qurra (which probably means 'the Qur'an reciters'), and the Egyptians turned into open rebellion in 656. Encouraged by the disaffected Medinese elite, the rebels marched on Medina, killing Uthman in June 656. His murder sparked the civil war. Afterward, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law Ali became caliph with the help of the people of Medina and the rebels. He was soon challenged by Muhammad's early companions, Talha ibn Ubayd Allah and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, and Muhammad's widow, A'isha, who held that his election was invalid as it involved Uthman's murderers and hence a shura (consultative assembly) had to be called to elect a new caliph. Ali defeated them in November 656 at the Battle of the Camel. Later, Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, Uthman's kinsman and the governor of Syria, denounced Ali's election, holding that Uthman's murderers were in Ali's camp and evaded punishment. The two faced each other at the Battle of Siffin in July 657. On the verge of defeat, Mu'awiya ordered his soldiers to hoist leaves of the Qur'an (masahif) on their lances, a signal to stop the fight and negotiate peace. The qurra in Ali's army were moved by the gesture, which they interpreted as an appeal to the Book of God, and demanded that Ali halt the fighting im ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9539 **********************************************