From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9449 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Wednesday, August 3 2022 Volume 14 : Number 9449 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Did you forget? Your $100 Lowe's reward Is Waiting ["Amazing Deals" Subject: Did you forget? Your $100 Lowe's reward Is Waiting Did you forget? Your $100 Lowe's reward Is Waiting http://lowessurveys.sa.com/KHOZtXUX6yVnuApI_bjSWtKorAmDEopCeQY52Ui1s7eACY4BiA http://lowessurveys.sa.com/DcDP9Aq58NgwmDav5lSMPFMk3HN-wmsO87GtVBDfB_gHdbQ30Q ench defences and shifted the focus of the fighting from the heart of Gascony to 60 miles (97 km) or more beyond its borders. Few French troops had arrived at CompiC(gne by 1 October and as Philip and his court waited for the numbers to swell, news of Lancaster's conquests came in. It was believed that Lancaster was heading for Paris, and in order to block this the French changed the assembly point for any men not already committed to CompiC(gne to OrlC)ans, and reinforced them with some of those already mustered. After Lancaster turned south to head back to Gascony, those Frenchmen already at or heading towards OrlC)ans were redirected to CompiC(gne; French planning collapsed into chaos. Since June Philip had been calling on the Scots to fulfil their obligation under the terms of the Auld Alliance and invade England. The Scottish king, David II, convinced that English force was focused entirely on France, obliged on 7 October. He was brought to battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October by a smaller English force raised exclusively from the northern English counties. The battle ended with the rout of the Scots, the capture of their king and the death or capture of most of their leadership. Strategically this freed English resources for the war against France, and the English border counties were able to guard against the remaining Scottish threat from their own resources. Even though only 3,000 men-at-arms had assembled at CompiC(gne, the French treasurer was unable to pay them. Philip cancelled all offensive arrangements on 27 October and dispersed his army. Recriminations were rife: the Marshal of France, Charles de Montmorency, was sacked; officials at all levels of the Chambre des Comptes (the French treasury) were dismissed; all financial affairs were put into the hands of a committee of three senior abbots; the King's council bent their efforts to blaming each other for the kingdom's misfortunes; Duke John fell out with his father and refused to attend court for several months; Joan of Navarre, daughter of an earlier king of France (Louis X) and previously a staunch supporter of Philip, declared neutrality, signed a private truce with Lancaster, and denied Philip access to Navarrese fortifications b Philip was considerably chagrined, but unable to counter t ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 07:37:39 -0400 From: "Customer Service" Subject: Your recent bank experiences Your recent bank experiences http://wellfargo.sa.com/d2gt7VXGOaeI-Dz4DCUjOcnpypTIEpruLc8Py2GWn5gw2xL27g http://wellfargo.sa.com/PffQAswJsWR2hlf1nqV94mMAw9mXgTfhfwY11pnggPT2Xf7hgQ uring the winter of 1346b47 the English army shrank, possibly to as few as 5,000 men at some points. This was due to: many soldiers' terms of service expiring; a deliberate reduction by Edward for reasons of economy; an outbreak of dysentery in Neuville which caused major loss of life;[note 2] and widespread desertion. Despite his reduced numbers, between mid-November and late February Edward made several attempts to breach the walls with trebuchets or cannon, or to take the town by assault, either from the land or seaward sides; all were unsuccessful. During the winter the French made great efforts to strengthen their naval resources. This included French and mercenary Italian galleys and French merchant ships, many adapted for military use. During March and April, more than 1,000 long tons (1,000 t) of supplies were run into Calais without opposition. Philip attempted to take the field with his army in late April, but the French ability to assemble in a timely fashion had not improved since the autumn and by July it had still not fully mustered. Taxes proved ever more difficult to collect, with many towns using all available funds to reinforce their walls or equip their militia, and much of the nobility crippled by debt they had accumulated paying for the previous nine years of war. Several French nobles suggested to Edward that they may switch their allegiance. Inconclusive fighting occurred in April and May: the French tried and failed to cut the English supply route to Flanders, while the English tried and failed to capture Saint-Omer and Lille. In June the French attempted to secure their flank by launching a major offensive against the Flemings; this was defeated at Cassel. Early in 1347 Edward took steps to s ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 06:23:42 -0400 From: "Personal Branding Networking" Subject: Congratulations! You have been selected Congratulations! You have been selected http://whoplatinum.ru.com/7gsE7etl0kAAg2DLmVSdA2N6IUutZlVVey5n9m_h27t86TVErA http://whoplatinum.ru.com/G-v-eWya0QQoBAEEH4P1_DGkCpx1QobbHAYvXLuvX_u56yHxmg hough Gascony was the cause of the war, Edward was able to spare few resources for it; whenever an English army had campaigned on the continent, it had operated in northern France. In 1346 Edward raised an army in England and the largest fleet ever assembled by the English to that date, 747 ships. The fleet landed on 12 July at St. Vaast la Hogue, 20 miles (32 km) from Cherbourg. The English army is estimated by modern historians to have been some 10,000 strong, and consisted of English and Welsh soldiers and a small number of German and Breton mercenaries and allies. The English achieved complete strategic surprise and marched south. Edward's aim was to conduct a chevauchC)e, a large-scale raid, across French territory to reduce his opponent's morale and wealth. His soldiers razed every town in their path and looted whatever they could from the populace. The English fleet paralleled the army's route and landing parties devastated the country for up to 5 miles (8 km) inland, taking vast amounts of loot; after their crews filled their holds, many ships deserted. They also captured or burnt more than 100 French ships; 61 of these had been converted into military vessels. Caen, the cultural, political, religious and financial centre of north-west Normandy, was stormed on 26 July. Most of the population was massacred, there was an orgy of drunken rape and the city was sacked for five days. The English army marched out towards the River Seine on 1 August. They devastated the country to the suburbs of Rouen before leaving a swath of destruction, rapine and slaughter along the left bank of the Seine to Poissy, 20 miles (32 km) from Paris. Duke John of Normandy, Philip's oldest son and heir, had been in charge of France's main army, campaigning in the English occupied province of Gascony in south-west France; Philip ordered him north, to reinforce the army facing Edward. Meanwhile, the English had t ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 04:19:20 -0400 From: "Different Variations@sofacoverz.ru.com" Subject: Renew your couch in couple of minutes Renew your couch in couple of minutes http://sofacoverz.ru.com/cP1XmWb5OP1mV-gA2PXiWmRjh4PzXzw1fin3X3Uric06zymyPA http://sofacoverz.ru.com/I5675EguIfRUU3FQqrDgRzM8Yxqud2xLVFj9OWV3883VepL7HA e siege of Calais (4 September 1346 b 3 August 1347) occurred at the conclusion of the CrC)cy campaign, when an English army under the command of King Edward III of England successfully besieged the French town of Calais during the Edwardian phase of the Hundred Years' War. The English army of some 10,000 men had landed in northern Normandy on 12 July 1346. They embarked on a large-scale raid, or chevauchC)e, devastating large parts of northern France. On 26 August 1346, fighting on ground of their own choosing, the English inflicted a heavy defeat on a large French army led by their king Philip VI at the Battle of CrC)cy. A week later they invested the well-fortified port of Calais, which had a strong garrison under the command of Jean de Vienne. Edward made several unsuccessful attempts to breach the walls or to take the town by assault, either from the land or seaward sides. During the winter and spring the French were able to run in supplies and reinforcements by sea, but in late April the English established a fortification which enabled them to command the entrance to the harbour and cut off the further flow of supplies. On 25 June Jean de Vienne wrote to Philip stating that their food ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 05:21:10 -0400 From: "Health Alert" Subject: what tomatoes do to your joints what tomatoes do to your joints http://healnsoothe.sa.com/oWe-p1K0mM9aeqHodQktoz0KkydW2C1JjLU0kJPSXRwWic5WmA http://healnsoothe.sa.com/EpcR2KpYnfhLHyG4cwGEjmeF9fGwb2IsoOai0Z2aV-4HOvAsgQ ince the Norman Conquest of 1066, English monarchs had held titles and lands within France, the possession of which made them vassals of the kings of France. The status of the English king's French fiefs was a major source of conflict between the two monarchies throughout the Middle Ages. French monarchs systematically sought to check the growth of English power, stripping away lands as the opportunity arose. Over the centuries, English holdings in France had varied in size, but by 1337 only Gascony in south-western France was left. The Gascons preferred their relationship with a distant English king who left them alone, to one with a French king who would interfere in their affairs. Following a series of disagreements between Philip VI of France (r. 1328b1350) and Edward III of England (r. 1327b1377), on 24 May 1337 Philip's Great Council in Paris agreed that Gascony and Ponthieu should be taken back into Philip's hands on the grounds that Edward was in breach of his obligations as a vassal. This marked the start of the Hundred Years' War, which was to last 116 year ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 09:11:38 -0400 From: "Andrew Dressen" Subject: The Perfect Gadget For Office Workers The Perfect Gadget For Office Workers http://prowatchs.co/BbIbGTeiHtD5ndOvj_5tawHNpeuVmKnPOGLO4NZi0JLWlxywjQ http://prowatchs.co/Eu0uG1I4s3sEgH56pstDKMhzLXtkuJRuULFTzpusqk7Vl5kMcw er interpretations have seen the causeways as symbolic of multi-directional access to the site by scattered communities, the enclosures as funerary centres for excarnation or the construction of the site being a communal act of creation by a fragmented society. Animal remains (especially cattle bone), domestic waste and pottery have been found at the sites. But there has been limited evidence of any structures. In some locations, such as Windmill Hill, Avebury, evidence of human occupation predates the enclosure. Generally, it appears that the ditches were permitted to silt up, even while the camps were in use, and then re-excavated episodically. It is unlikely that they had a strong defensive purpose. The earthworks may have been designed to keep out wild animals rather than people. The sequential addition of second, third and fourth circuits of banks and ditches may have come about through growing populations adding to the significance of their peoples' monument over time. In some cases, they appear to have evolved into more permanent settlements. Most causewayed enclosures have been ploughed away in the intervening millennia and are recognized through aerial archaeology. The first were constructed in the fifth millennium BC and by the early third millennium BC; notable regional variations occur in their construction. French examples begin to demonstrate elaborate horn-shaped entrances which are interpreted as being designed to impress from afar rather than serve any practical purpose. Aubrey Burl believes that building of causewayed enclosures declined by 3000 BC and they were superseded by more localised types of earthworks and other structures. In Britain, such replacements include Stonehenge I, Flagstones, Duggleby Howe an ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 06:24:22 -0400 From: "Mineral Dust" Subject: A quick way to REGROW GUMS OVERNIGHT A quick way to REGROW GUMS OVERNIGHT http://steelbite.sa.com/IO3pZIKknsECsH_epeaAmEaTrsbQJ6uqtxmAXRuvpu-MXipc3Q http://steelbite.sa.com/VfF4o8OJ6S5QvF3soMVhJKehi-1AQ_ih0d9sRphveXupHtHvyQ fter resting for two days and burying the dead, the English, requiring supplies and reinforcements, marched north. They continued to devastate the land, and razed several towns, including Wissant, the normal port of disembarkation for English shipping to north-east France. Outside the burning town Edward held a council, which decided to capture Calais. The city was an ideal entrepC4t from an English point of view, and close to the border of Flanders and Edward's Flemish allies. The English arrived outside the town on 4 September and besieged it. Calais was strongly fortified: it boasted a double moat, substantial city walls, and its citadel in the north-west corner had its own moat and additional fortifications. It was surrounded by extensive marshes, some of them tidal, making it difficult to find stable platforms for trebuchets and other artillery, or to mine the walls. It was adequately garrisoned and provisioned, and was under the command of the experienced Jean de Vienne. It could be readily reinforced and supplied by sea. The day after the siege commenced, English ships arrived offshore and resupplied, re-equipped and reinforced the English army. The English settled down for a lengthy stay, establishing a thriving camp to the west, Nouville, or "New Town", with two market days each week. A major victualling operation drew on sources throughout England and Wales to supply the besiegers, as well as overland from nearby Flanders. A total of 853 ships, crewed by 24,000 sailors, were involved over the course of the siege;[note 1] an unprecedented effort. Wearied by nine years of war, Parliament grudgingly agreed ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 07:41:16 -0400 From: "Exclusive Reward" Subject: Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 CVS gift card! Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 CVS gift card! http://cvssurveysz.sa.com/WrXcpc1nUdxnoncwnZaiEN0UhVj2UGjhIF9UIwWLLEAwRHE http://cvssurveysz.sa.com/0dd919G-t9A47y92hZy77ynnknQQNESKtx_Ch57hN69WnKg s soon as Calais capitulated, Edward paid off a large part of his army and released his Flemish allies. Philip in turn stood down the French army. Edward promptly launched strong raids up to 30 miles (48 km) into French territory. Philip attempted to recall his army, setting a date of 1 September, but experienced serious difficulties. His treasury was exhausted and taxes for the war had to be collected in many places at sword point. Despite these exigencies, ready cash was not forthcoming. The French army had little stomach for further conflict, and Philip was reduced to threatening to confiscate the estates of nobles who refused to muster. He set back the date for his army to assemble by a month. Edward also had difficulties in raising money, partly due to the unexpected timing of the need; he employed draconian measures, which were extremely unpopular. The English also suffered a pair of military setbacks: a large raid was routed by the French garrison of Saint-Omer; and a supply convoy en route to Calais was captured by French raiders from Boulogne. Given the military misfortunes and financial exhaustion of both sides, the Pope's emissaries now found willing listeners. Negotiations began on 4 September and by the 28th a truce had been agreed. The treaty strongly favoured the English, and confirmed them in possession of all of their territorial conquests. The Truce of Calais was agreed to run for nine months to 7 July 1348, but was extended repeatedly over the years until it was formally set aside in 1355. The truce did not stop the ongoing naval clashes between the two countries, nor the fighting in Gascony and Brittany. After full-scale war resumed in 1355 it continued until 1360, when it ended in an En ------------------------------ Date: 2 Aug 2022 06:53:34 -0400 From: ammf@smoe.org Subject: Don't miss your unsettled payment. Complete your debt payment now. Hi there! I regret to inform you about some sad news for you. Approximately a month or two ago I have succeeded to gain a total access to all your devices utilized for browsing internet. Moving forward, I have started observing your internet activities on continuous basis. 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My recommendation - ensure all your passwords are replaced with new ones on a regular basis. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2022 08:08:58 -0400 From: "Home Disinfection" Subject: Sterilize the room in 30 minutes and enjoy the crisp, bacteria free-air! Sterilize the room in 30 minutes and enjoy the crisp, bacteria free-air! http://nailsin.co/PyhHjV_HgLZzIFi8_WuWgp-rSLmACgyt8iyuwKRya5kcWKkK2g http://nailsin.co/4CblislMohVdxWIsEqCBVHF0_auCNws5Vy8WwY8a5IXowGmyiw original idea for continuing Jesse Pinkman's story began as a short film or "mini-episode" of about 15 to 20 minutes. Realizing a short would not be cost-effective, Gilligan opted to make a full-length feature film. Early on, Gilligan received a suggestion to alter his proposed title b he initially thought about calling the project '63, referring to its unofficial status as the 63rd episode of Breaking Bad. During the meeting when Gilligan pitched story ideas with the Better Call Saul staff, writer and executive producer Thomas Schnauz advised him to change the title to let the film stand on its own from the original series. Schnauz reasoned with Gilligan that Breaking Bad essentially focused on Walter White's story, whereas the film and its title should be unique to reflect that they centered on Jesse Pinkman. Gilligan agreed and eventually settled on the title El Camino, referring to the car Jesse drives away with in "Felina". Near the tenth anniversary of Breaking Bad's premiere, Gilligan started sharing the idea with former cast and crew members as a means to celebrate the milestone. Aaron Paul, who portrayed Jesse in the series, affirmed that around this time, he received a phone call from Gilligan, who hinted at a return for his character. Paul initially believed this meant a cameo on Better Call Saul, which was a prequel to Breaking Bad. Gilligan then revealed his intentions to continue Jesse's story after the events of the series, much to Paul's excitement. Though he thought Breaking Bad concluded satisfyingly, Paul still felt attached to the character of Jesse Pinkman; fans regularly asked him of Jesse's whereabouts and he occasionally wondered about Jesse's fate himself. At the end of the conversation, Paul showed eagerness to be involved with any idea Gilligan had for a Breaking Bad continuation. Gilligan presented Paul with a completed screenplay seven months after proposing his idea. Paul spent three hours in Gilligan's office going over the script and almost instantly felt able to pick up on Jesse's mindset and emotional beats. Following his initial read-through, Paul said he was so impressed with the screenplay that he felt speechless. He likened his reaction fr ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 09:51:19 -0400 From: "Major Water Cutoffs" Subject: Public Notice: Permanent Water Shutdown Public Notice: Permanent Water Shutdown http://airfountain.sa.com/_NMDuzSocpn06CMKPtgK7NMmmznnq5D-Rw6v1KIJtq5T76wbkA http://airfountain.sa.com/TuQw1XbPg6cM4IvhmeVeU4aozaoieq-igXNJ96bfjjJaBTn6Cw ter of 1346b47 the English army shrank, possibly to as few as 5,000 men at some points. This was due to: many soldiers' terms of service expiring; a deliberate reduction by Edward for reasons of economy; an outbreak of dysentery in Neuville which caused major loss of life;[note 2] and widespread desertion. Despite his reduced numbers, between mid-November and late February Edward made several attempts to breach the walls with trebuchets or cannon, or to take the town by assault, either from the land or seaward sides; all were unsuccessful. During the winter the French made great efforts to strengthen their naval resources. This included French and mercenary Italian galleys and French merchant ships, many adapted for military use. During March and April, more than 1,000 long tons (1,000 t) of supplies were run into Calais without opposition. Philip attempted to take the field with his army in late April, but the French ability to assemble in a timely fashion had not improved since the autumn and by July it had still not fully mustered. Taxes proved ever more difficult to collect, with many towns using all available funds to reinforce their walls or equip their militia, and much of the nobility crippled by debt they had accumulated paying for the previous nine years of war. Several French nobles suggested to Edwar ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #9449 **********************************************