From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8415 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Thursday, February 3 2022 Volume 14 : Number 8415 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Exposed: The Darkest Secret of Trumpâs Presidency ["Darkest Secret" Subject: Exposed: The Darkest Secret of Trumpâs Presidency Exposed: The Darkest Secret of Trumpbs Presidency http://fallstard.biz/MRb2-F4E1p3DB8FDD1b_78G5a2NcujlOKSQus-nBNp_uFL2iKQ http://fallstard.biz/Zh956i2TLxUUlZ7tu2xJ_tETnogbMfVEBAAjoh3ikzhAbrVW4Q heir culture to the marriage of David's father MC!el Coluim III to Saint Margaret, a myth which had its origins in the medieval period. With the development of modern historical techniques in the mid-19th century, responsibility for these developments appeared to lie more with David than his father. David assumed a principal place in the alleged destruction of the Celtic Kingdom of Scotland. Andrew Lang, in 1900, wrote that "with Alexander , Celtic domination ends; with David, Norman and English dominance is established". The ages of Enlightenment and Romanticism had elevated the role of races and "ethnic packages" into mainstream history, and in this context David was portrayed as hostile to the native Scots, and his reforms were seen in the light of natural, perhaps even justified, civilised Teutonic aggression towards the backward Celts. In the 20th century, several studies were devoted to Normanisation in 12th-century Scotland, focusing upon and hence emphasising the changes brought about by the reign of David I. GrC&me Ritchie's The Normans in Scotland (1954), Archie Duncan's Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom (1974) and the many articles of G. W. S. Barrow all formed part of this historiographical trend. In the 1980s, Barrow sought a compromise between change and continuity, and argued that the reign of King David was in fact a "Balance of New and Old". Such a conclusion was a natural incorporation of an underlying current in Scottish historiography which, since William F. Skene's monumental and revolutionary three-volume Celtic Scotland: A Hist ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2022 08:42:33 -0500 From: "Certified Nutritionist" Subject: If you give yourself this gift, and take action now If you give yourself this gift, and take action now http://fallstard.biz/1TLE88focuxw89NMEuXSHT4xig51NS6uVDCsnlO22z0q2d0MPg http://fallstard.biz/ZOTO16UlARNsM6na7SRlTt9IpWGqPzYAz-5q1duquthDEAJ8cg age, David rebuilt the fortress of Carlisle. Carlisle quickly replaced Roxburgh as his favoured residence. David's acquisition of the mines at Alston on the South Tyne enabled him to begin minting the Kingdom of Scotland's first silver coinage. David, meanwhile, issued charters to Shrewsbury Abbey in respect to their lands in Lancashire. Bishopric of Durham and the Archbishopric of York However, David's successes were in many ways balanced by his failures. David's greatest disappointment during this time was his inability to ensure control of the bishopric of Durham and the archbishopric of York. David had attempted to appoint his chancellor, William Comyn, to the bishopric of Durham, which had been vacant since the death of Bishop Geoffrey Rufus in 1140. Between 1141 and 1143, Comyn was the de facto bishop, and had control of the bishop's castle; but he was resented by the chapter. Despite controlling the town of Durham, David's only hope of ensuring his election and consecration was gaining the support of the Papal legate, Henry of Blois, Bishop of Winchester and brother of King Stephen. Despite obtaining the support of the Empress Matilda, David was unsuccessful and had given up by the time William de St Barbara was elected to the see in 1143. David also attempted to interfere in the succession to the archbishopric of York. William FitzHerbert, nephew of King Stephen, found his position undermined by the collapsing political fortune of Stephen in the north of England, and was deposed by the Pope. David used his Cistercian connections to build a bond with Henry Murdac, the new archbishop. Despite the support of Pope Eugenius III, supporters of King Stephen and William FitzHerbert managed to prevent Henry taking up his post at York. In 1149, Henry had sought the support of David. David seized on the opportunity to bring the archdioc ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2022 08:35:40 -0500 From: "Cold Sore Virus" Subject: Herpes Virus Hiding Place Revealed! (Nobody Believed This!) Herpes Virus Hiding Place Revealed! (Nobody Believed This!) http://herpafix.biz/0eyCjrD8diIG4SAVXWhcto3RpFe-W0rbzqpmLXMb3yAbop22pg http://herpafix.biz/0CsGQ-BtDF6JyX3pH0u8aQPBcR8v3UaiuGGdiMsM8ZI5_g04WA During the summer of 1336 an English embassy attempted to negotiate with Philip and David. On 20 August Philip rejected the English proposals and pledged full military support for David's partisans. French privateers immediately commenced a fresh round of attacks on English shipping and ports, causing panic on the English south coast. It was the middle of September before Edward received the news and returned to England. Arriving too late to strike at the French ships, he imposed new war taxes and returned to Scotland to winter at a fortress on the Clyde. The Scots kept up a campaign of harassment against the English, while Murray destroyed Dunnottar, Kinneff and Lauriston in order to prevent Edward using them. Famine and disease were widespread throughout Scotland. French political and legal pressures increased and Philip readied his army to invade Gascony in 1337. Edward returned to England again in December 1336 to plan for a war with France in the spring. Papal attempts to mediate were brushed aside. From early 1337 the Scottish loyalists took advantage of the English distraction. Murray and Sir William Douglas invaded Fife. Edward felt that the French were the greater threat and so was unable to send reinforcements. The local English commanders did little with the resources they had. By early summer northern Scotland had been overrun and most of the English fortifications there slighted. In April another Scottish army invaded Balliol-held Galloway and devastated it. On 24 May 1337 Philip's Great Council in Paris agreed that Gascony and Ponthieu should be taken back into Philip's hands on the grounds that Edward was in breach of his obligations as a vassal. This marked the start of the Hundred Years' War, which was to last 116 years. As the year went on the Scots raided into the Lowlandsh ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2022 10:21:12 -0500 From: "Eliminates Corrosion" Subject: Flushing Trick = No More Pumping Your Septic Tank Flushing Trick = No More Pumping Your Septic Tank http://herpafix.biz/lPzq_R4T2inaHH-mYAXa4wHgbCabMWnqCAbVLCO5yOuG-E6Lpg http://herpafix.biz/tZIZCI1l5Fi9i-NkcNfoU4i-qEwPpVfT7lGfjnF9VylBeJmGZA botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only wood plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are some three trillion mature trees in the world. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development. Trees usually reproduce using seeds. Flowers and fruit may be present, but some trees, such as conifers, instead have pollen cones and seed cones. Palms, bananas, and bamboos also produce seeds, but tree ferns produce spores instead. Trees play a significant role in reducing erosion and moderating the climate. They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store large quantities of carbon in their tissues. Trees and forests provide a habitat for many species of animals and plants. Tropical rainforests are among the most biodiverse habitats in the world. Trees provide shade an ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8415 **********************************************