From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #6797 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Sunday, May 26 2002 Volume 14 : Number 6797 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Kroger gift card! ["Kroger Opinion ] Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Sam's Club gift card! ["Sam's Shopp] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sun, 20 Jun 2021 05:00:46 -0400 From: "Kroger Opinion Requested" Subject: Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Kroger gift card! Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Kroger gift card! http://bloodpressurez.co/vbuRJkbMRjy-PLaPxAgOJbuhL9eXgiV15yu74l_5sO721JFR http://bloodpressurez.co/ExNj4WQIbwRgKgqgZtBMwm7o5mNRanDNO0hYA1d0kuT9suFK balls are large and separated from each other by a bony septum (partition). The spine has cervical, thoracic, lumbar and caudal regions with the number of cervical (neck) vertebrae highly variable and especially flexible, but movement is reduced in the anterior thoracic vertebrae and absent in the later vertebrae. The last few are fused with the pelvis to form the synsacrum. The ribs are flattened and the sternum is keeled for the attachment of flight muscles except in the flightless bird orders. The forelimbs are modified into wings. The wings are more or less developed depending on the species; the only known groups that lost their wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Excretory system Like the reptiles, birds are primarily uricotelic, that is, their kidneys extract nitrogenous waste from their bloodstream and excrete it as uric acid, instead of urea or ammonia, through the ureters into the intestine. Birds do not have a urinary bladder or external urethral opening and (with exception of the ostrich) uric acid is excreted along with faeces as a semisolid waste. However, birds such as hummingbirds can be facultatively ammonotelic, excreting most of the nitrogenous wastes as ammonia. They also excrete creatine, rather than creatinine like mammals. This material, as well as the output of the intestines, emerges from the bird's cloaca. The cloaca is a multi-purpose opening: waste is expelled through it, most birds mate by joining cloaca, and females lay eggs from it. In addition, many species of birds regurgitate pellets. It is a common but not universal feature of altricial passerine nestlings (born helpless, under constant parental care) that instead of excreting directly into the nest, they produce a fecal sac. This is a mucus-covered pouch that allows parents to either dispose of the w ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 20 Jun 2021 07:06:02 -0400 From: "Sam's Shopper Gift Card Chance" Subject: Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Sam's Club gift card! Shopper, You can qualify to get a $50 Sam's Club gift card! http://shedplan.buzz/Dsn8-2U1eRmPScecDvy00jAclpQLTlfyAz9hpmZ42Qbm2C8f http://shedplan.buzz/rrC6n-KGyIYICMJXodnrCw2Cv4X1f0aYo-e7wSJSmJWOm1Aa me bird species undertake shorter migrations, travelling only as far as is required to avoid bad weather or obtain food. Irruptive species such as the boreal finches are one such group and can commonly be found at a location in one year and absent the next. This type of migration is normally associated with food availability. Species may also travel shorter distances over part of their range, with individuals from higher latitudes travelling into the existing range of conspecifics; others undertake partial migrations, where only a fraction of the population, usually females and subdominant males, migrates. Partial migration can form a large percentage of the migration behaviour of birds in some regions; in Australia, surveys found that 44% of non-passerine birds and 32% of passerines were partially migratory. Altitudinal migration is a form of short-distance migration in which birds spend the breeding season at higher altitudes and move to lower ones during suboptimal conditions. It is most often triggered by temperature changes and usually occurs when the normal territories also become inhospitable due to lack of food. Some species may also be nomadic, holding no fixed territory and moving according to weather and food availability. Parrots as a family are overwhelmingly neither migratory nor sedentary but considered to either be dispersive, irruptive, nomadic or undertake small and irregular migrations. The ability of birds to return to precise locations across vast distances has been known for some time; in an experiment conducted in the 1950s, a Manx shearwater released in Boston in the United States returned to its colony in Skomer, in Wales within 13 days, a distance of 5,150 km (3,200 mi). Birds navigate during migration using a variety of methods. For diurnal migrants, the sun is used to navigate by day, and a stellar compass is used at night. Birds that use the sun compensate for the changing position of the sun during the day by the use of an internal clock. Orientation with the stellar compass depends on the posit ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #6797 **********************************************