From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4631 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Saturday, July 25 2020 Volume 14 : Number 4631 Today's Subjects: ----------------- No-Contact Multi-Functional Digital Thermometer ["Health News" Subject: No-Contact Multi-Functional Digital Thermometer No-Contact Multi-Functional Digital Thermometer http://moskinator.us/tAWrUBSsK1fMbnZrG4bx1ULWSKwPemF6IwXSRWmCBFDDOqHV http://moskinator.us/txCxxkJVJslkG7KbhjDDyjRKWxgovjUIRfqxr2DkO_RzVH69 Bernoulli-only explanations imply that a speed difference arises from causes other than a pressure difference, and that the speed difference then leads to a pressure difference by Bernoulli's principle. This implied one-way causation is a misconception. The real cause-and-effect relationship between pressure and velocity is reciprocal. Finally, Bernoulli-only explanations don't explain how the pressure differences in the vertical direction are sustained. That is, they leave out the downward-turning part of the interaction. Alternative explanations, misconceptions, and controversies Many alternative explanations for the generation of lift by an airfoil have been put forward, most intended to explain the phenomenon of lift to a general audience. Although the explanations may share features in common with the explanations above, additional assumptions and simplifications may be introduced. Some explanations introduce assumptions which proved to be wrong, such as equal transit-time, and some used controversial terminology, such as "Coand? effect". False explanation based on equal transit-time An illustration of the incorrect equal transit-time explanation of airfoil lift. Basic or popular sources often describe the "equal transit-time" theory of lift, which incorrectly assumes that the parcels of air that divide at the leading edge of an airfoil must rejoin at the trailing edge, forcing the air traveling along the longer upper surface to go faster. Bernoulli's principle is then cited to conclude that since the air moves slower along the bottom of the wing, the air pressure must be higher, pushing the wing up. However, there is no physical principle that requires equal transit time and experimental results show that this assumption is false. In fact, the air moving over the top of an airfoil generating lift moves much faster than the equal transit theory predicts. Further, the theory violates Newton's third law of motion, since it describes a force on the wing with no opposite force. The assertion that the air must arrive simultaneously at the trailing edge is sometimes referred to as the ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4631 **********************************************