From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4609 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Thursday, July 23 2020 Volume 14 : Number 4609 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Multiply Your Punching Power! ["Punisher Kunckle" Subject: Multiply Your Punching Power! Multiply Your Punching Power! http://growpro.live/XpW7_WZbCVAnT_9_aJy3hVsLlRZxT0E4YosSiWTKTskAJyw7 http://growpro.live/3S94BhCwz7RK7s8mUzFtTvv9TWmoCYN6qZ6byGLzLpk1KGxD A flow that is not a function of time is called steady flow. Steady-state flow refers to the condition where the fluid properties at a point in the system do not change over time. Time dependent flow is known as unsteady (also called transient). Whether a particular flow is steady or unsteady, can depend on the chosen frame of reference. For instance, laminar flow over a sphere is steady in the frame of reference that is stationary with respect to the sphere. In a frame of reference that is stationary with respect to a background flow, the flow is unsteady. Turbulent flows are unsteady by definition. A turbulent flow can, however, be statistically stationary. The random velocity field {\displaystyle U(x,t)}{\displaystyle U(x,t)} is statistically stationary if all statistics are invariant under a shift in time.: 75 This roughly means that all statistical properties are constant in time. Often, the mean field is the object of interest, and this is constant too in a statistically stationary flow. Steady flows are often more tractable than otherwise similar unsteady flows. The governing equations of a steady problem have one dimension fewer (time) than the governing equations of the same problem without taking advantage of the steadiness of the flow field. Laminar vs turbulent flow Turbulence is flow characterized by recirculation, eddies, and apparent randomness. Flow in which turbulence is not exhibited is called laminar. The presence of eddies or recirculation alone does not necessarily indicate turbulent flowbthese phenomena may be present in laminar flow as well. Mathematically, turbulent flow is often represented via a Reynolds decomposition, in which the flow is broken down into the sum of an average component and a perturbation component. It is believed that turbulent flows can be described well through the use of the NavierbStokes equations. Direct numerical simulation (DNS), based on the NavierbStokes equations, makes it possible to simulate turbulent flows at moderate Reynolds numbers. Restrictions depend on the power of the computer used and the efficiency of the solution algorithm. The results of DNS have been found to agree well with ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4609 **********************************************