From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4453 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Friday, June 26 2020 Volume 14 : Number 4453 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Terrifying Laws May Cripple Your Retirement Savings ["Retirement Savings"] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2020 10:11:16 -0400 From: "Retirement Savings" Subject: Terrifying Laws May Cripple Your Retirement Savings Terrifying Laws May Cripple Your Retirement Savings http://gpspower.bid/TcLD601J5BthSQhITqRmTWUYNGwOP72SBfMl2JaBSPLYMUlx http://gpspower.bid/SpfM_Ch2LWc5NTOW3LGJxqKV5NUzOtXyiHpzxbYXQ_0C8Gg The extrinsic hand muscles are located in the forearm where their bellies form the proximal fleshy roundness. When contracted, most of the tendons of these muscles are prevented from standing up like taut bowstrings around the wrist by passing under the flexor retinaculum on the palmar side and the extensor retinaculum on the dorsal side. On the palmar side the carpal bones form the carpal tunnel through which some of the flexor tendons pass in tendon sheaths that enable them to slide back and forth through the narrow passageway (see carpal tunnel syndrome). Starting from the mid-position of the hand, the movements permitted in the wrist proper are (muscles in order of importance): File:Real-Time-Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-(MRI)-during-Active-Wrist-Motion--Initial-Observations-pone.0084004.s001.ogv Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of radial abduction (rightwards in image) and ulnar adduction (leftwards in image). Marginal movements: radial deviation (abduction, movement towards the thumb) and ulnar deviation (adduction, movement towards the little finger). These movements take place about a dorsopalmar axis (back to front) at the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints passing through the capitate bone. Radial abduction: extensor carpi radialis longus, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor pollicis longus Ulnar adduction: extensor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi Movements in the plane of the hand: flexion (palmar flexion, tilting towards the palm) and extension (dorsiflexion, tilting towards the back of the hand). These movements take place through a transverse axis passing through the capitate bone. Palmar flexion is the most powerful of these movements because the flexors, especially the finger flexors, are considerably stronger than the extensors. File:Real-Time-Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-(MRI)-during-Active-Wrist-Motion--Initial-Observations-pone.0084004.s003.ogv Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of wrist extension and return to neutral position. Extension: extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris Palmar flexion: flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, abductor pollicis longus Intermediate or combined movements However, movements at the wrist can not be properly described without including movements in the distal radioulnar joint in which the rotary actions of supination and pronation occur and this joint is therefore normally regarded as part of the wrist. Clinical significance Projectional radiograph of a normal wrist (left image) and one with a dorsal tilt due to wrist osteoarthritis (as well as osteoporosis). The angle of the distal surface of the lunate bone is annotated. A dorsal tilt of 10 to 15 degrees is considered normal. Wrist pain has a number of causes, including carpal tunnel syndrome, ganglial cyst, and osteoarthritis. Tests such as Phalen's test involve palmarflexion at the wrist. The hand may be deviated at the wrist in some conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Ossification of the bones around the wrist is one indicator used in taking a bone age. ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #4453 **********************************************