From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #3803 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Saturday, March 21 2020 Volume 14 : Number 3803 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Your FREE bottle of probiotics is waiting to ship (address needed) ["prox] Congratulations , You've been nominated ["*Joan Riley*" ] URGENT: Free Breathing Masks - 24 hour dispatch! ["Breathing Mask" ] =?utf-8?Q?=E2=9A=A1?= secured investment yield> 100% =?utf-8?Q?=E2=9A=A1?= [ICO Media Team Subject: Your FREE bottle of probiotics is waiting to ship (address needed) Your FREE bottle of probiotics is waiting to ship (address needed) http://evalastfireclips.co/et5-FZ38mABM4LtDP1T7y2zPney7uRsJc6YqZLomn2fs6Q http://evalastfireclips.co/Sq_QF751gqYDzfokC6gVvz5ad5jOgIn5YD2XvamO1lY8sQ Maria GC6ppert was born on June 28, 1906, in Kattowitz (now Katowice, Poland), a Silesian city in Prussia, the only child of Friedrich GC6ppert and his wife Maria nC)e Wolff. In 1910, she moved with her family to GC6ttingen when her father, a sixth-generation university professor, was appointed as the professor of pediatrics at the University of GC6ttingen. Goeppert was closer to her father than her mother. "Well, my father was more interesting", she later explained. "He was after all a scientist". GC6ppert was educated at the HC6here Technische in GC6ttingen, a school for middle-class girls who aspired to higher education. In 1921, she entered the Frauenstudium, a private high school run by suffragettes that aimed to prepare girls for university. She took the abitur, the university entrance examination, at age 17, a year early, with three or four girls from her school and thirty boys. All the girls passed, but only one of the boys did. In the Spring of 1924, GC6ppert entered the University of GC6ttingen, where she studied mathematics. A purported shortage of women mathematics teachers for schools for girls led to an upsurge of women studying mathematics at a time of high unemployment, and there was even a female professor of mathematics at GC6ttingen, Emmy Noether, but most were only interested in qualifying for their teaching certificates. Instead, Goeppert became interested in physics, and chose to pursue a Ph.D. In her 1930 doctoral thesis she worked out the theory of possible two-photon absorption by atoms. Eugene Wigner later described the thesis as "a masterpiece of clarity and concreteness". At the time, the chances of experimentally verifying her thesis seemed remote, but the development of the laser permitted the first experimental verification in 1961 when two-photon-excited fluorescence was detected in a europium-doped crystal. To honor her fundamental contribution to this area, the unit for the two-photon absorption cross section is named the "GM". One GM is 10?50 cm4 s photon?1. Her examiners were three Nobel prize winners: Max Born, James Franck and Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus (in 1954, 1925, and 1928, respectively). On January 19, 1930, Goeppert married Joseph Edward Mayer, an Am ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2020 04:29:04 -0400 From: "*Joan Riley*" Subject: Congratulations , You've been nominated Congratulations , You've been nominated http://harrrys.co/fY7xvZbGHeigL_uzlZHvjfDnNWB5dKAjWo0TsnOypNFu_hk1 http://harrrys.co/IvekSBwxWmVP9wdNci9xLxGxh69W3BW8E57WcN25znQyry40 In December 1941, Goeppert Mayer took up her first paid professional position, teaching science part-time at Sarah Lawrence College. In the spring of 1942, with the United States embroiled in World War II, she joined the Manhattan Project. She accepted a part-time research post from Urey with Columbia University's Substitute Alloy Materials (SAM) Laboratories. The objective of this project was to find a means of separating the fissile uranium-235 isotope in natural uranium; she researched the chemical and thermodynamic properties of uranium hexafluoride and investigated the possibility of separating isotopes by photochemical reactions. This method proved impractical at the time, but the development of lasers would later open the possibility of separation of isotopes by laser excitation. Through her friend Edward Teller, Goeppert Mayer was given a position at Columbia with the Opacity Project, which researched the properties of matter and radiation at extremely high temperatures with an eye to the development of the Teller's "Super" bomb, the wartime program for the development of thermonuclear weapons. In February 1945, Joe was sent to the Pacific War, and Goeppert Mayer decided to leave her children in New York and join Teller's group at the Los Alamos Laboratory. Joe came back from the Pacific earlier than expected, and they returned to New York together in July 1945. In February 1946, Joe became a professor in the Chemistry Department and the new Institute for Nuclear Studies at the University of Chicago, and Goeppert Mayer was able to become a voluntary associate professor of physics at the school. When Teller also accepted a position there, she was able to continue her Opacity work with him. When the nearby Argonne National Laboratory was founded on July 1, 1946, Goeppert Mayer was also offered a part-time job there as a senior physicist in the theoretical physics division. She responded "I don't know anything about nuclear physics." She programmed the Aberdeen Proving Ground's ENIAC to solve criticality problems for a liquid metal cooled reactor using the ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2020 04:01:14 -0400 From: "James" Subject: Bed Bath & Beyond..... Bed Bath & Beyond..... http://evalastfireclips.co/hI8W4pj4klCK1py71suTd8Z18JIyM-0KsOP2mHKm7-gQ9dOq http://evalastfireclips.co/GYiNN96Jg9yZUH0t0daCenSieL_L0KnLEAxWFwIsp2WVJSyb Strict rules against nepotism prevented Johns Hopkins University from hiring Goeppert Mayer as a faculty member. These rules, created at many universities to prevent patronage, had by this time lost their original purpose and were primarily used to prevent the employment of women married to faculty members. She was given a job as an assistant in the Physics Department working with German correspondence, for which she received a very small salary, a place to work and access to the facilities. She taught some courses, and published an important paper on double beta decay in 1935. Some even condescended to give her work, though they refused to pay her, and the topics were typically 'feminine', such as figuring out what causes colors b& the University of Chicago finally took her seriously enough to make her a professor of physics. Although she got her own office, the department still didn't pay her b& When the Swedish academy announced in 1963 that she had won her profession's highest honor, the San Diego newspaper greeted her big day with the headline "S.D. Mother Wins Nobel Prize". There was little interest in quantum mechanics at Johns Hopkins but Goeppert Mayer worked with Karl Herzfeld in this area. They collaborated on a number of papers, including a paper with Herzfeld's student A.L. Sklar on the spectrum of benzene. She also returned to GC6ttingen in the summers of 1931, 1932 and 1933 to work with her former examiner Born, writing an article with him for the Handbuch der Physik. This ended when the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, and many academics, including Born and Franck, lost their jobs. Goeppert Mayer and Herzfeld became involved in refugee relief efforts. Joe Mayer was fired in 1937. He attributed this to the hatred of women on the part of the dean of physical sciences, which he thought was provoked by Goeppert Mayer's presence in the laboratory. Herzfeld agreed and added that, with Goeppert Mayer, Franck and Herzfeld all at Johns Hopkins, some thought that there were too many German scientists there. There were also complaints from some students that Mayer's chemistry lectures contained too much modern physics. Mayer took up a position at Columbia University, where the chairman of the Physics Department, George B. Pegram, arranged for Goeppert Mayer to have an office, but she received no salary. She soon made good fri ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2020 05:32:33 -0400 From: "Breathing Mask" Subject: URGENT: Free Breathing Masks - 24 hour dispatch! URGENT: Free Breathing Masks - 24 hour dispatch! http://combatbye.buzz/7sobsT-yy_C2UtYo-PTNWR91twB-45Xx8PejvO3OXo5F7jK_ http://combatbye.buzz/ivFlZA-mFPuHUsk8xaz7zjlRVMcsBZtCr3B2nS-q2gdXs1Y During her time at Chicago and Argonne in the late 1940s, Goeppert Mayer developed a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shells, which she published in 1950. Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons in an atomic nucleus result in particularly stable configurations. These numbers are what Eugene Wigner called magic numbers: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, and 126. Enrico Fermi provided a critical insight by asking her: "Is there any indication of spin orbit coupling?" She realised that this was indeed the case, and postulated that the nucleus is a series of closed shells and pairs of neutrons and protons tend to couple together. She described the idea as follows: Think of a room full of waltzers. Suppose they go round the room in circles, each circle enclosed within another. Then imagine that in each circle, you can fit twice as many dancers by having one pair go clockwise and another pair go counterclockwise. Then add one more variation; all the dancers are spinning twirling round and round like tops as they circle the room, each pair both twirling and circling. But only some of those that go counterclockwise are twirling counterclockwise. The others are twirling clockwise while circling counterclockwise. The same is true of those that are dancing around clockwise: some twirl clockwise, others twirl counterclockwise. Three German scientists, Otto Haxel, J. Hans D. Jensen, and Hans Suess, were also working on solving the same problem, and arrived at the same conclusion independently. While their results were announced in an issue of the Physical Review before Goeppert Mayer in June 1949, Goeppert Mayer's work was received for review in February 1949, while the work of the German authors was received later in April 1949. Afterwards, she collaborated with them. Hans Jensen co-authored a book with Goeppert Mayer in 1950 titled Elementary Theory of Nuclear Shell Structure. In 1963, Goeppert Mayer, Jensen, and Wigner shared the Nobel Prize for Physics "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure." She was the second female Nobel laureate in p ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2020 03:42:58 -0400 From: "Live-Show-Latin" Subject: Beautiful Latin Girls Ready To Mingle Beautiful Latin Girls Ready To Mingle http://harrrys.co/5w_Y7DOmfUHGXAuZNUQVx_JmyUPeBnpa7JIvVVs-qOP7bw http://harrrys.co/0ZBWAoyJMGyczNMAwvvqqD-NT_rao0QPYjrFC87jENABug Nuclei which have neutron number and proton (atomic) numbers each equal to one of the magic numbers are called "doubly magic", and are especially stable against decay. The known doubly magic isotopes are helium-4, helium-10, oxygen-16, calcium-40, calcium-48, nickel-48, nickel-56, nickel-78, tin-100, tin-132 and lead-208. However, only the first, third, fourth, and last of these doubly magic nuclides are completely stable, although calcium-48 is extremely long-lived and therefore naturally occurring, disintegrating only by a very inefficient double beta minus decay process. Doubly-magic effects may allow existence of stable isotopes which otherwise would not have been expected. An example is calcium-40, with 20 neutrons and 20 protons, which is the heaviest stable isotope made of the same number of protons and neutrons. Both calcium-48 and nickel-48 are doubly magic because calcium-48 has 20 protons and 28 neutrons while nickel-48 has 28 protons and 20 neutrons. Calcium-48 is very neutron-rich for such a light element, but like calcium-40, it is stabilized by being doubly magic. Magic number shell effects are seen in ordinary abundances of elements: helium-4 is among the most abundant (and stable) nuclei in the universe and lead-208 is the heaviest stable nuclide. Magic effects can keep unstable nuclides from decaying as rapidly as would otherwise be expected. For example, the nuclides tin-100 and tin-132 are examples of doubly magic isotopes of tin that are unstable, and represent endpoints beyond which stability drops off rapidly. Nickel-48, discovered in 1999, is the most proton-rich nuclide known beyond helium-3. At the other extreme, nickel-78 is also doubly magic, with 28 protons and 50 neutrons, a ratio observed only in much heavier elements apart from tritium with one proton and two neutrons (78Ni: 28/50 = 0.56; 238U: 92/146 = 0.63). In December 2006, hassium-270, with 108 protons and 162 neutrons, was discovered by an international team of scientists led by the Technical University of Munich, having a half-life of 9 seconds. Hassium-270 evidently form ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 11:42:42 -0400 From: "Blood Pressure" Subject: The Solution Is Simple! The Solution Is Simple! http://hardagain.bid/ilLi0O0zDSPM3R0qfCBqowjRerl8t588unw99MN9I0WiSsI http://hardagain.bid/MxX7OL2N3JgZYqCy38qYvVzXPo2WAgdMduL873RhrNQQXz8 The vast majority of major musicologists and music historians from past generations have been men, as in the 19th century and early 20th century; women's involvement in teaching music was mainly in elementary and secondary music teaching. Nevertheless, some women musicologists have reached the top ranks of the profession. Carolyn Abbate (born 1956) is an American musicologist who did her PhD at Princeton University. She has been described by the Harvard Gazette as "one of the world's most accomplished and admired music historians". Susan McClary (born 1946) is a musicologist associated with the "New Musicology" who incorporates feminist music criticism in her work. McClary holds a PhD from Harvard University. One of her best known works is Feminine Endings (1991), which covers musical constructions of gender and sexuality, gendered aspects of traditional music theory, gendered sexuality in musical narrative, music as a gendered discourse and issues affecting women musicians. ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 13:19:14 +0000 From: ICO Media Team Subject: =?utf-8?Q?=E2=9A=A1?= secured investment yield> 100% =?utf-8?Q?=E2=9A=A1?= ICO of 2020 B B B CLICK here for more information about the special promotion http://media-consult.solutions/med/index.php/campaigns/ym948wk4xcf6a/track-ur l/ve4618b72la42/0169bab427f8594dc08dc40cc9deb6716ae2e156 B Copyright 2020 B) ICO Media Consult Ltd IMPRINT http://media-consult.solutions/med/index.php/campaigns/ym948wk4xcf6a/track-ur l/ve4618b72la42/a5174e27241980ca95a87479b2d1b398ab39e634 | B PRIVACY POLICY http://media-consult.solutions/med/index.php/campaigns/ym948wk4xcf6a/track-ur l/ve4618b72la42/a5174e27241980ca95a87479b2d1b398ab39e634B | UNSUBSCRIB http://media-consult.solutions/med/index.php/campaigns/ym948wk4xcf6a/track-ur l/ve4618b72la42/a5174e27241980ca95a87479b2d1b398ab39e634 B ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #3803 **********************************************