From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #14493 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Tuesday, August 20 2024 Volume 14 : Number 14493 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Limited Time Only: Get Your Free Trump Tee Now! ["Trump Shirt" Subject: Limited Time Only: Get Your Free Trump Tee Now! Limited Time Only: Get Your Free Trump Tee Now! http://lipozems.ru.com/EdUqVowQLIDoBuAXpA8dDkjza2bHAZpbmx0Ygnz1b1rV6aPhmw http://lipozems.ru.com/efQT-k4GCqliMHgIyyFNphCHQc2UNj_pOpf8Ax8SA1buPz7STw butterflies, such as the painted lady, monarch, and several danaine migrate for long distances. These migrations take place over a number of generations and no single individual completes the whole trip. The eastern North American population of monarchs can travel thousands of miles south-west to overwintering sites in Mexico. There is a reverse migration in the spring. It has recently been shown that the British painted lady undertakes a 9,000-mile round trip in a series of steps by up to six successive generations, from tropical Africa to the Arctic Circle?b?almost double the length of the famous migrations undertaken by monarch. Spectacular large-scale migrations associated with the monsoon are seen in peninsular India. Migrations have been studied in more recent times using wing tags and also using stable hydrogen isotopes. Butterflies navigate using a time-compensated sun compass. They can see polarized light and therefore orient even in cloudy conditions. The polarized light near the ultraviolet spectrum appears to be particularly important. Many migratory butterflies live in semi-arid areas where breeding seasons are short. The life histories of their host plants also influence butterfly behaviour. Life cycle Life cycle of the monarch butterfly Butterflies in their adult stage can live from a week to nearly a year depending on the species. Many species have long larval life stages while others can remain dormant in their pupal or egg stages and thereby survive winters. The Melissa Arctic (Oeneis melissa) overwinters twice as a caterpillar. Butterflies may have one or more broods per year. The number of generations per year varies from temperate to tropical regions with tropical regions ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #14493 ***********************************************