From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #11955 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Saturday, August 12 2023 Volume 14 : Number 11955 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Tell us about your shopping experiences and select from several offer rewards! ["Ace Hardware Opinion Requested" ] From Mr.Felix Nwogu ["Mr.Felix Nwogu"] Little Known Way To Bring Nearly ANY Dead Battery Back To Life again.. ["] Full frequency detection and 360-degree coverage for ultimate protection ["Radar Detector" ] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 13:51:27 +0200 From: "Ace Hardware Opinion Requested" Subject: Tell us about your shopping experiences and select from several offer rewards! Tell us about your shopping experiences and select from several offer rewards! http://funguselixirs.shop/t00VWgBS7AIs9FPPJ3KA0y0RsoL_2d1WItYfotQMQW8-Ot_YvA http://funguselixirs.shop/p3VW2Drde6ysnR_NLdS_3FmIwjmaXsJsngqXLaC620PbXUFKuQ iental hornet (Vespa orientalis) is a social insect of the family Vespidae. It can be found in Southwest Asia, Northeast Africa, the island of Madagascar (but no reports have been made of its presence on the island for many years), the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of Southern Europe. Oriental hornets have also been found in a few isolated locations such as Mexico and Chile due to human introduction. The Oriental hornet lives in seasonal colonies consisting of caste system dominated by a queen. The hornet builds its nests underground and communicates using sound vibrations. The hornet has a yellow stripe on its cuticle (exoskeleton), which can absorb sunlight to generate a small electrical potential, and this might help supply energy for digging. The adult hornet eats nectar and fruits and scavenges for insects and animal proteins to feed to its young. Because they are scavengers, the hornets may also serve as a transmitter of disease following consumption of infected plants. The hornets are a primary pest to honey bees, attacking bee colonies to obtain honey and animal proteins. The stiiental hornet (V. orientalis) belongs to the family Vespidae, which consists of wasps, hornets, and yellowjackets. It is a member of the genus Vespa, which constitutes true hornets. V. orientalis has unique adaptations to arid climates, which disguises its phylogenic relationship to other species of the genus Vespa, making it difficult to map based on morphological data alone. Thus, the use of molecular data was crucial to correctly mapping its phylogenetic relationships. Based on molecular phylogenetics V. orientalis is most closely related to Vespa affinis and Vespa mocsaryana. While a history exists of recognizing subspecies within many of the hornets, including V. orientalis, the most recent taxonomic revision of the genus treats all subspecific names in the genus Vespa as synonyms, effectively relegating them to no more than informal names for regional color forms. Close-up of V. orientalis Description and identification The adult hornet has two pairs of wings and a body measuring between 25 and 35 mm long. Drones and workers are smaller in size than the queen. V. orientalis is a reddish-brown color and has distinctive thick yellow bands on the abdomen and yellow patches on the head between the eyes. It has very strong jaws and will bite if provoked. Females (workers and the queen) have an ovipositor, which is a specialized organ shaped like a tube that is used for laying eggs. The ovipositor extends from the end of the abdomen and is also used as a stinger. Males (drones) can be distinguished from workers by the number of segments on their antenna. Drones have 13 segments, while workers only have 12. The Oriental hornet looks simng of an Oriental hornet can be quite painful to humans and some humans are all ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 21:02:31 +0000 From: "Birds' Oasis!" Subject: Turn Your Backyard Into A Mesmerizing Oasis Instantly ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 16:22:33 +0200 From: "Blood Pumping" Subject: The #1 thing all men obsess over The #1 thing all men obsess over http://goutsolutions.buzz/75u71W6958s1INUBi7Qg9NLvgFCdT8xgwFeFUUJpQNBDQIY5iQ http://goutsolutions.buzz/t2vshfe6W1RgE7NA5bapO_F6U8Yqx_6dOv17dqVKB59yZ4w2cQ A 2006 test was made by Matheus Bane using a 75 lbf (330 N) draw (at 28 in (71 cm)) bow, shooting at 10 yards (9.1 m); according to Bane's calculations, this would be approximately equivalent to a 110 lbf (490 N) bow at 250 yards (230 m). Measured against a replica of the thinnest contemporary gambeson (padded jacket) armour, a 905 grain needle bodkin and a 935 grain curved broadhead penetrated over 3.5 inches (89 mm). (gambeson armour could be up to twice as thick as the coat tested; in Bane's opinion such a thick coat would have stopped bodkin arrows but not the cutting force of broadhead arrows.) Against "high quality riveted maille", the needle bodkin and curved broadhead penetrated 2.8 in (71 mm). Against a coat of plates, the needle bodkin achieved 0.3 in (7.6 mm) penetration. The curved broadhead did not penetrate but caused 0.3 in of deformation of the metal. Results against plate armour of "minimum thickness" (0.047 in (1.2 mm)) were similar to the coat of plates, in that the needle bodkin penetrated to a shallow depth, the other arrows not at all. In Bane's view, the plate armour would have kept out all the arrows if thicker or worn with more padding. Other modern tests described by Bane include those by Williams (which concluded that longbows could not penetrate mail, but in Bane's view did not use a realistic arrow tip), Robert Hardy's tests (which achieved broadly similar results to Bane), and a Primitive Archer test which demonstrated that a longbow could penetrate a plate armour breastplate. However, the Primitive Archer test used a 160 lbf (710 N) longbow at very short range, generating 160 joules (vs. 73 for Bane and 80 for Williams), so probably not representative of battles of the time. Tests conducted by Mark Stretton examined the effects of heavier war shafts (as opposed to lighter hunting or distance-shooting 'flight arrows'). The quarrel-like 3.6 oz (102 g) arrow from a yew 'self bow' (with a draw weight of 144 lbf (640 N) at 32 in (81 cm)) while travelling at 47.23 m/s (155.0 ft/s) yielded 113.76 joules, more kinetic energy than the lighter broad-heads while achieving 90% of the range. The short, heavy quarrel-form bodkin could penetrate a replica brigandine at up to 40B0 from perpendicular. In 2011, Mike Loades conducted an experiment in which short bodkin arrows were shot at a range of 10 yd (9.1 m) by bows of 140 lbf (620 N) b powerful bows at less than normal battlefield range. The target was covered in a riveted mail over a fabric armour of deerskin over 24 linen layers. While most arrows went through the mail layer, none fully penetrated the textile armour. Other research has also concluded that later medieval armour, such as that of the Italian city-state mercenary companies, was effective at stopping contemporary arrow ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 16:07:17 +0200 From: "Liver Renew Affiliate" Subject: 4 Warning Signs Of Damaged Liver (#2 Is Scary) 4 Warning Signs Of Damaged Liver (#2 Is Scary) http://modernavaccinesurveys.shop/oGtx4yxuoSJBG3Ml-dCNkqszUVVyWGOnz1PKFNN66hhtDx33qQ http://modernavaccinesurveys.shop/AtalD3MhIkWzNMZAvNmv0pFZ149ChMyeg9ski-iCcpRq8Bl7xQ In September 1356 the French suffered a shattering defeat at the Battle of Poitiers. Approximately 6,000 from an army of 14,000b16,000 were killed or captured; the King of France was one of those taken prisoner.[note 5] This destroyed any Scottish hopes of satisfying their war aims as part of a French-imposed general treaty and raised the possibility that English troops would be freed up for further campaigning in Scotland. With no prospect of further military or financial assistance from the French the Scots negotiated a ransom of 100,000 marks (B#67,000) for the return of David. According to the Treaty of Berwick the ransom was to be paid over ten years, on 24 June (St. John the Baptist's Day) each year. As a guarantee of payment, 23 Scottish nobles were held by the English. The treaty prohibited any Scottish citizen from bearing arms against Edward III or any of his men until the sum was paid in full and the English were supposed to stop attacking Scotland. With the signing of the Treaty of Berwick, the Second War of Scottish Independence was effectively over. Edward had achieved little and the Scots had maintained their independence. However, the agreement was a truce, not a peace treaty, and while it lasted for four decades intermittent fighting continued. Large-scale hostilities resumed in 1400 when English king Henry IV (r.?1399b1413) led an army into Lothian. David returned to Scotland to deal with the rivalries of his nobles. He was accused of having acquired a luxurious and expensive lifestyle and had to put down a rebellion in 1360. Thereafter, his throne was secure. His wife Joan did not return to Scotland with him, objecting to the English mistress he had taken during his eleven years in captivity. The treaty did impose a financial hardship on Scotland but less than the constant ravages by the English army. David stopped paying after only 20,000 marks of the debt had been met, following which renegotiation led ultimately to a reduction in the deb ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 11:04:50 +0000 From: "VisiSharp" Subject: Crystal Clear Vision In Just A Couple of Weeks? Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 15:12:28 +0200 From: "Cancer" Subject: 1600% stronger than chemo 1600% stronger than chemo http://brainsaviors.quest/a38CyR4e22qAYlgjotkapRnN0pyylCPGoydE5vHkZyQyT88keA http://brainsaviors.quest/HOV2wiiy4FGXJbAlWxFPb0CVKCJL1BBPPhnEeIXyFNffTWgd9A The earliest known human habitation in the Edinburgh area was at Cramond, where evidence was found of a Mesolithic camp site dated to c. 8500 BC. Traces of later Bronze Age and Iron Age settlements have been found on Castle Rock, Arthur's Seat, Craiglockhart Hill and the Pentland Hills. When the Romans arrived in Lothian at the end of the 1st century AD, they found a Brittonic Celtic tribe whose name they recorded as the Votadini. The Votadini transitioned into the Gododdin kingdom in the Early Middle Ages, with Eidyn serving as one of the kingdom's districts. During this period, the Castle Rock site, thought to have been the stronghold of Din Eidyn, emerged as the kingdom's major centre. The medieval poem Y Gododdin describes a war band from across the Brittonic world who gathered in Eidyn before a fateful raid; this may describe a historical event around AD 600. In 638, the Gododdin stronghold was besieged by forces loyal to King Oswald of Northumbria, and around this time control of Lothian passed to the Angles. Their influence continued for the next three centuries until around 950, when, during the reign of Indulf, son of Constantine II, the "burh" (fortress), named in the 10th-century Pictish Chronicle as oppidum Eden, was abandoned to the Scots. It thenceforth remained, for the most part, under their jurisdiction. The royal burgh was founded by King David I in the early 12th century on land belonging to the Crown, though the date of its charter is unknown. The first documentary evidence of the medieval burgh is a royal charter, c.?1124b1127, by King David I granting a toft in burgo meo de Edenesburg to the Priory of Dunfermline. The shire of Edinburgh seems to have also been created in the reign of David I, possibly covering all of Lothian at first, but by 1305 the eastern and western parts of Lothian had become Haddingtonshire and Linlithgowshire, leaving Edinburgh as the county town of a shire covering the central part of Lothian, which was called Edinburghshire or Midlothian (the latter name being an informal, but commonly used, alternative until the county's name was legally changed ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2023 17:06:00 +0100 From: "Mr.Felix Nwogu" Subject: From Mr.Felix Nwogu Attn: Sir/Madam , I crave your indulgence to contact you in this medium, my name is Mr. Mr. Felix Nwogu, I work with Zenith Bank Nigeria Plc. I am directed to contact you over an approved fund worth US$11,700,000 Dollars in your name which was about to be claimed by Mr. Terry Frazer, of 6349 South Pinnow Grove Road Beloit WI 53511 USA. He claimed that you are dead and that you signed a deed of assignment on his name which we are waiting for him to submit for our verification before we can process the payment on his behalf because we are in the fight against corruption. After his claim applications were duly received the Zenith Bank management held an emergency board meeting where the Governor of Central Bank of Nigeria CBN was invited and solutions were proffered concerning this claim. We came to a conclusion that the Bank through my office will communicate with you to be sure if his claim is true or false. You are to reply to this letter as soon as possible if you are alive to prove that you did not authorize Mr. Terry Frazer as your next of kin and if indeed you signed any deed of assignment with him? Please, note that Zenith Bank Plc is thus responsible for the final transfer to the fund, therefore we expect your maximum corporation on this. The consequences of not heeding to this warning would be yours as this bank will act according to verifiable information available to us, considering the circumstances at hand. You are advised not to accept any email, fax or telephone calls that do not come from this office because we are systematically fighting against corruption. Therefore, you are advised to provide the following details, Full names:-------------------------------- Address:------------------------------------- Direct phone number/Cell:---------------------- Copy of your ID card:----------------------------- Your immediate/urgent response to this will be greatly appreciated. Yours faithfully, Mr.Felix Nwogu, EMAIL:zenithbnk1972@gmail.com ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 17:29:12 +0200 From: "Battery Secret" Subject: Little Known Way To Bring Nearly ANY Dead Battery Back To Life again.. Little Known Way To Bring Nearly ANY Dead Battery Back To Life again.. http://verizonsurvey.services/mHkPm3oe048mu9Uedtb3TnuwU4cm-Sb9PplpI3D6D1ObFlnJ0g http://verizonsurvey.services/LSJSUmugNg6WApAwgx5gx6bL2eHQu3aj5bRmdvGe-PXNngGPVw Specialised medical tools designed for arrow wounds have existed since ancient times: Diocles (successor of Hippocrates) devised the graphiscos, a form of cannula with hooks, and the duck-billed forceps (allegedly invented by Heras of Cappadocia) was employed during the medieval period to extract arrows. While armour-piercing "bodkin" points were relatively easy (if painful) to remove, barbed points required the flesh to be cut or pulled aside. An arrow would be pushed through and taken out the other side of the body only in the worst cases, as this would cause even more tissue damage and risk cutting through major blood vessels. Henry, Prince of Wales, later Henry V, was wounded in the face by an arrow at the Battle of Shrewsbury (1403). The royal physician John Bradmore had a tool made that consisted of a pair of smooth tongs. Once carefully inserted into the socket of the arrowhead, the tongs screwed apart until they gripped its walls and allowed the head to be extracted from the wound. Prior to the extraction, the hole made by the arrow shaft was widened by inserting larger and larger dowels of elder pith wrapped in linen down into the entry wound. The dowels were soaked in honey, now known to have antiseptic properties. The wound was then dressed with a poultice of barley and honey mixed in turpentine (pre-dating Ambroise ParC) but whose therapeutic use of turpentine was inspired by Roman medical texts that may have been familiar to Bradmore). After 20 days, the wound was free of infection ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 12:55:57 +0200 From: "Radar Detector" Subject: Full frequency detection and 360-degree coverage for ultimate protection Full frequency detection and 360-degree coverage for ultimate protection http://ketobhbz.us/EuDWbWHZLd9KZpyoxer643NVXhwXCO2M99odNVJV0YLXQC2BFA http://ketobhbz.us/kyrR9KQujPswgejDZtAu5Fb2OXX5F0pY0DOU0hK688pLZ-ufiw ensions on the Anglo-Scottish border led to a military build-up by both sides in 1355. In September a nine-month truce was arranged and most of the English forces left to take part in a campaign in northern France. A few days after agreeing the truce, the Scots, encouraged and subsidised by the French, broke it and invaded and devastated Northumberland. In late December the Scots captured Berwick-on-Tweed and laid siege to its castle. The English army redeployed from France to Newcastle in northern England. The English advanced to Berwick, retook the town and moved to Roxburgh in southern Scotland by mid-January 1356. There, on 20 January, Balliol surrendered his nominal position as king of Scotland in favour of Edward, his overlord, in exchange for a generous pension. From Roxburgh the English advanced on Edinburgh, leaving a trail of devastation 50b60 miles (80b100 km) wide behind them. The Scots practised their by now traditional scorched earth policy, refusing battle and removing or destroying all food in their own territory. The English reached and burnt Edinburgh and were resupplied by sea at Haddington. Edward intended to march on Perth, perhaps to be crowned king of Scotland at nearby Scone. But contrary winds prevented the movement of the fleet he needed to supply his army. While waiting for a better wind, the English thoroughly despoiled Lothian. A winter storm drove the English fleet away and scattered it, and the English were forced to withdraw. They did so via Melrose, still widely devastating Scottish territory, but this time harassed by Scottish forces. The English army was disbanded in Carlisle in late February and the Scots went on to take two English-held castles. A truce was re-established in A ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 14:50:59 +0200 From: "Joanne Riley" Subject: Congratulations , You've been nominated Congratulations , You've been nominated http://modernavaccinesurveys.shop/FGpxKjvHzpuv86jwLXE3VdiMGjivOInHKHNCZJIuM9inA5LTxw http://modernavaccinesurveys.shop/NGc5LRB-Qnj7KQfbrb0JE1fF43Nr-9PZoEcnOdYVqwn0x_EMMg With David an English captive, Balliol, who had fought at Neville's Cross, set about recruiting forces for another excursion into Scotland. Neville and Henry, Baron Percy swiftly pressed the English advantage in the Anglo-Scottish border area. Balliol's subsequent campaign restored some of the southern communities to his allegiance, but on the whole, made little headway. With their king a captive, the Scots appointed Stewart lord guardian and regent for David; Stewart was David's nephew, the heir-apparent and a future king of Scotland (as Robert II). Stewart could be depended upon to defend Scotland from Balliol and the English, but otherwise was more interested in securing his own power than looking after that of his king. Stewart's authority was weak, as it largely depended on his acting on David's behalf and David was himself attempting to control affairs from England. Added to this, Stewart's having abandoned David at Neville's Cross gave David reason to mistrust him. Edward attempted to come to terms with the Scots, using David as a bargaining counter. The details of the negotiations are unclear, but it seems that in 1348 Edward suggested David hold Scotland as a fief from England, naming Edward or one of his sons as his successor should he die without children. In 1350 Edward offered to ransom David for B#40,000, the restoration of Balliol's Scottish supporters and the naming of Edward's young son John of Gaunt as David's successor, should the king die without children. Scotland as a fiefdom had been dropped from the negotiations. David was permitted to briefly return to Scotland in early 1352 to try to negotiate a settlement. Stewart was disinclined to support any terms which removed him from the succession, and the Parliament of Scotland rejected Edward's terms in March 1352. David returned to English imprisonment. Still preoccupied with the war in France, Edward tried again in 1354 with a simple demand of ransom, without settlement of the English claim to suzerainty over Scotland. The Scots also rejected this, partly because it would leave open the possibility of further English attempts to bring Scotland under their contro ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 17:20:09 +0200 From: "Battery Secret" Subject: [video] Dead Simple Trick Brings Any Battery Back To Life [video] Dead Simple Trick Brings Any Battery Back To Life http://verizonsurvey.services/7W01Ht-d7sNXxOSVFslc_vriceeUjr9qmu2gNP36g2aqPARkPg http://verizonsurvey.services/PnGszUe9F1cAwKn_U_gjSTl63A6Bd8v8HI4SM3qzKD7NhH0Emw Specialised medical tools designed for arrow wounds have existed since ancient times: Diocles (successor of Hippocrates) devised the graphiscos, a form of cannula with hooks, and the duck-billed forceps (allegedly invented by Heras of Cappadocia) was employed during the medieval period to extract arrows. While armour-piercing "bodkin" points were relatively easy (if painful) to remove, barbed points required the flesh to be cut or pulled aside. An arrow would be pushed through and taken out the other side of the body only in the worst cases, as this would cause even more tissue damage and risk cutting through major blood vessels. Henry, Prince of Wales, later Henry V, was wounded in the face by an arrow at the Battle of Shrewsbury (1403). The royal physician John Bradmore had a tool made that consisted of a pair of smooth tongs. Once carefully inserted into the socket of the arrowhead, the tongs screwed apart until they gripped its walls and allowed the head to be extracted from the wound. Prior to the extraction, the hole made by the arrow shaft was widened by inserting larger and larger dowels of elder pith wrapped in linen down into the entry wound. The dowels were soaked in honey, now known to have antiseptic properties. The wound was then dressed with a poultice of barley and honey mixed in turpentine (pre-dating Ambroise ParC) but whose therapeutic use of turpentine was inspired by Roman medical texts that may have been familiar to Bradmore). After 20 days, the wound was free of infection ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 11:52:30 -0800 From: Louis Vuitton Subject: Louis Vuitton Bags Up To 90% Off! Top Quality Low Cost! Shop Online Now! Louis Vuitton Bags Up To 90% Off! Top Quality Low Cost! Shop Online Now! www.85off-lv.com ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 14:17:02 +0200 From: "Quick Charger" Subject: Your phone will stay charged for up to 72 hours Your phone will stay charged for up to 72 hours http://funguselixirs.shop/Nj7_RnO09tqtyQKadfBZV6RAG8qHOIGZ1jXhjQdxKIGhhm0j5w http://funguselixirs.shop/4AmqQYP4Mxun8Z_Ki9gvviM1OyqQf8chhPio8PdaxlEpE5SsQw During the spring of 1335 Edward assembled an army of more than 13,000 men on the Scottish border, the largest force he ever led against the Scots, timing his invasion to the expiration of the truce. Aware of his plans, Bruce loyalists were also preparing for war, setting aside their personal differences and evacuating the Central Lowlands in preparation for invasion. In July Edward led part of his force north from Carlisle to Glasgow. There he joined up with the balance, who had marched from Berwick under Balliol, at the end of the month. The Scots followed a scorched earth policy of offering no resistance and both English armies devastated everything in their paths. The combined force marched north to occupy the Scottish capital, Perth. It continued to loot and devastate widely, in the hope of forcing the Scots to battle. The French, exasperated, assembled an army of 6,000 men to send to Scotland to restore David II and started to interfere in English possessions in France, even threatening to confiscate them. Scottish and French ships sailing out of French ports attacked English ships in the English Channel and raided settlements on the English south coast. Philip wrote to Edward asking him to submit the rival claims on the Scottish throne to arbitration by Pope Benedict XII to avoid an Anglo-French war. Edward refused. In Scotland, Edward and the Scots agreed a truce, to last from mid-October to 3 May 1336; this did not cover Balliol's forces and allowed the Bruce faction to concentrate against Balliol's supporters. On 30 November[note 4] Sir Andrew Murray led 1,100 Bruce loyalists against a larger pro-Balliol force commanded by David Strathbogie in the Battle of Culblean, defeating it and killing Strathbogie. It was the first of several victories against Balliol and his followers, which raised Scottish morale and reduced Balliol to complete reliance on English arms ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 11:58:49 +0200 From: "Ninja Air Fryer" Subject: Final Notice Coming for a Ninja Air Fryer Reward Final Notice Coming for a Ninja Air Fryer Reward http://kohlssurvey.shop/E0uOYy-JZNHX62uLdHoz7Ox6rtKY2GvjxvPOAblGN5P_s9O8LA http://kohlssurvey.shop/IneaEjE_apne1FyanRm6r0690Wpg0n3FLVn07WaC4HWtCfg8CA Edward needed to guard the coast of England against the French and was attempting to form a field army to campaign on the continent again, but still found enough troops to send an expedition to Scotland in 1338. The French continued to supply the Scots, who had the better of the fighting. After several bitter campaigns, in which both sides freely destroyed crops and villages to limit their opponents' freedom of manoeuvre, the Scots wore down the English. French forces and ships assisted in the recapture of Perth in 1339. By 1340 the English influence in Scotland was limited to a handful of fortifications, Stirling being the most northerly, all of them either besieged or blockaded and supplied by sea from England. Hostilities were frequently interrupted by truces, which were not always well observed. the obverse of a silver coin, showing a man wearing a crown looking left A coin depicting David By 1341 fighting with the English had died down, but the Scottish nobility was riven with feuds. The teenaged David II returned to Scotland on 2 June with his wife Joan, Edward's sister, and attempted to establish his own authority and surround himself with his own people; inflaming an already tense situation. Nevertheless, the English were steadily pushed back, with Stirling capitulating to the Scots in March 1342 after a lengthy siege, removing the last English stronghold in Scotland north of the immediate border area. Even there, the strong castle of Roxburgh fell to a dawn escalade in the same month. David's difficulties in imposing his authority were typified when he rewarded Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie for retaking Roxburgh by appointing him constable of Roxburgh and sheriff of Teviotdale; this enraged Douglas, who had tried and failed to retake Roxburgh himself several times and who by some reports had already been given the positions. Douglas responded by imprisoning Ramsay and starving him to death. By 1345 David had established a degree of political control over the powerful Scottish nobility. The Scots continued to raid repeatedly into England ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2023 17:32:08 +0200 From: "Unexpected Link" Subject: Between running and heart attacks Between running and heart attacks http://southwestairlinessurveyus.shop/Bj-XrL_R7u3ogZDYZ5Y1POUcloNDWMts5whPsr_kQDi2vqraBg http://southwestairlinessurveyus.shop/-MKzDLVogmRDIhj3zptEEe32vMuf5whwwUyjp8169ztV4Sn7pA The city is affectionately nicknamed Auld Reekie, Scots for Old Smoky, for the views from the country of the smoke-covered Old Town. A remark on a poem in an 1800 collection of the poems of Allan Ramsay said, "Auld Reeky. A name the country people give Edinburgh from the cloud of smoke or reek that is always impending over it." Thomas Carlyle said, "Smoke cloud hangs over old Edinburgh, for, ever since Aeneas Silvius's time and earlier, the people have the art, very strange to Aeneas, of burning a certain sort of black stones, and Edinburgh with its chimneys is called 'Auld Reekie' by the country people". A character in Walter Scott's The Abbot says, "... yonder stands Auld Reekiebyou may see the smoke hover over her at twenty miles' distance". Robert Chambers, who said that the sobriquet could not be traced before the reign of Charles II, attributed the name to a Fife laird, Durham of Largo, who regulated the bedtime of his children by the smoke rising above Edinburgh from the fires of the tenements. "It's time now bairns, to tak' the beuks, and gang to our beds, for yonder's Auld Reekie, I see, putting on her nicht -cap!". Edinburgh has been popularly called the Athens of the North since the early 19th century. References to Athens, such as Athens of Britain and Modern Athens, had been made as early as the 1760s. The similarities were seen to be topographical but also intellectual. Edinburgh's Castle Rock reminded returning grand tourists of the Athenian Acropolis, as did aspects of the neoclassical architecture and layout of New Town. Both cities had flatter, fertile agricultural land sloping down to a port several miles away (respectively, Leith and Piraeus). Intellectually, the Scottish Enlightenment, with its humanist and rationalist outlook, was influenced by Ancient Greek philosophy. In 1822, artist Hugh William Williams organized an exhibition that showed his paintings of Athens alongside views of Edinburgh, and the idea of a direct parallel between both cities quickly caught the popular imagination. When plans were drawn up in the early 19th century to architecturally develop Calton Hill, the design of the National Monument directly copied Athens' Parthenon. Tom Stoppard's character Archie of Jumpers said, perhaps playing on ReykjavC-k meaning "smoky bay", that the "ReykjavC-k of the South" would be more appropriate. The city has also been known by several Latin names, such as Edinburgum, while the adjectival forms Edinburgensis and Edinensis are used in educational and scientific ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2023 17:46:14 +0100 From: "Mr.Felix Nwogu" Subject: From Mr.Felix Nwogu Attn: Sir/Madam , I crave your indulgence to contact you in this medium, my name is Mr. Mr. Felix Nwogu, I work with Zenith Bank Nigeria Plc. I am directed to contact you over an approved fund worth US$11,700,000 Dollars in your name which was about to be claimed by Mr. Terry Frazer, of 6349 South Pinnow Grove Road Beloit WI 53511 USA. He claimed that you are dead and that you signed a deed of assignment on his name which we are waiting for him to submit for our verification before we can process the payment on his behalf because we are in the fight against corruption. After his claim applications were duly received the Zenith Bank management held an emergency board meeting where the Governor of Central Bank of Nigeria CBN was invited and solutions were proffered concerning this claim. We came to a conclusion that the Bank through my office will communicate with you to be sure if his claim is true or false. You are to reply to this letter as soon as possible if you are alive to prove that you did not authorize Mr. Terry Frazer as your next of kin and if indeed you signed any deed of assignment with him? Please, note that Zenith Bank Plc is thus responsible for the final transfer to the fund, therefore we expect your maximum corporation on this. The consequences of not heeding to this warning would be yours as this bank will act according to verifiable information available to us, considering the circumstances at hand. You are advised not to accept any email, fax or telephone calls that do not come from this office because we are systematically fighting against corruption. Therefore, you are advised to provide the following details, Full names:-------------------------------- Address:------------------------------------- Direct phone number/Cell:---------------------- Copy of your ID card:----------------------------- Your immediate/urgent response to this will be greatly appreciated. Yours faithfully, Mr.Felix Nwogu, EMAIL:zenithbnk1972@gmail.com ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #11955 ***********************************************