From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #10483 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Tuesday, January 10 2023 Volume 14 : Number 10483 Today's Subjects: ----------------- BONUS: $100 Aldi Gift Card Opportunity ["Amazing Deals" Subject: BONUS: $100 Aldi Gift Card Opportunity BONUS: $100 Aldi Gift Card Opportunity http://macfeesurvey.today/5leImwy3Vs83R9Cqyf2vSeqEt58dFHDar20wdKmogHYs-TqQ1A http://macfeesurvey.today/4jZx82Emazbyfp1MS-FMfl19KWgRC_JBmbSGizL6RuLx_qIY6Q The Third Punic War (149b146 BC) was the third and last of the Punic Wars fought between the cities Carthage and Rome. The war was fought entirely within Carthaginian territory, in what is now northern Tunisia. When the Second Punic War ended in 201 BC, one of the terms of the peace treaty prohibited Carthage from waging war without Rome's permission. Rome's ally, King Masinissa of Numidia, exploited this to repeatedly raid and seize Carthaginian territory with impunity. In 149 BC Carthage sent an army, under Hasdrubal, against Masinissa, the treaty notwithstanding. The campaign ended in disaster as the Battle of Oroscopa ended with a Carthaginian defeat and the surrender of the Carthaginian army. Anti-Carthaginian factions in Rome used the illicit military action as a pretext to prepare a punitive expedition. Later in 149 BC, a large Roman army landed at Utica in North Africa. The Carthaginians hoped to appease the Romans, but despite the Carthaginians surrendering all ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 12:59:27 +0100 From: "Ho'oponopono Practitioner Certification" Subject: NEW: never released before... NEW: never released before... http://targetsurvey.today/ibE0nYNtFNW0a6bKeumTUyHdL9dMUXkyyNh5_8ZjgsPFOvO40w http://targetsurvey.today/Ib9heMVUNETK33J7XN-1zvX7nsKvLAg5eh-q86qBriZ4J5sd he city of Carthage itself was unusually large for the time: modern scholars give population estimates ranging from 90,000 to 800,000. Any of these would make Carthage one of the most populous cities in the Mediterranean area at the time. It was strongly fortified with walls of more than 35 km (20 mi) circumference. Defending the main approach from the land were three lines of defences, of which the strongest was a brick-built wall 9 metres (30 ft) wide and 15b20 metres (50b70 ft) high with a 20-metre-wide (70 ft) ditch in front of it. Built into this wall was a barracks capable of holding over 24,000 soldiers. The city had few reliable sources of ground water but possessed a complex system to catch and channel rainwater and many cisterns to store it. The Carthaginians raised a strong and enthusiastic force to garrison the city from their citizenry and by freeing all slaves willing to fight. They also formed a field army at least 20,000 strong, which was placed under Hasdrubal, freshly released from his condemned cell. This army was based at Nepheris, 25 km (16 mi) south of Carthage. Appian gives the strength of the Roman army which landed in Africa as 84,000 soldiers; modern historians estimate it at 40,000b50,000 men, of whom 4,000 were ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 11:40:50 +0100 From: "Forgotten Foods" Subject: 126 Forgotten Survival Foods That You Should Add to Your Stockpile 126 Forgotten Survival Foods That You Should Add to Your Stockpile http://targetsurvey.today/We3wpjP6ZRyXsVEtYDbEQY-ROZkDwxALck-BHORIRwffdOelNg http://targetsurvey.today/gOc2eExx50oQThGP_igJRkQflJzTIu-juXW_tyExVKW3CQtCgg Carthage paid off its indemnity in 151 BC and was prospering economically but was no military threat to Rome. Nevertheless, there had long been a faction within the Roman Senate that had wished to take military action against Carthage. For example, the dislike of Carthage by the senior senator Cato was so well known that since the 18th century, he has been credited with ending all of his speeches with Carthago delenda est ("Carthage must be destroyed"). The opposing faction included Scipio Nasica, who argued that fear of a strong enemy such as Carthage would keep the common people in check and avoid social division. Cato was a member of an embassy to Carthage, probably in 153 BC, and noted her growing economy and strength; Nasica was likely a member of the same embassy. Using the illicit Carthaginian military action as a pretext, Rome began preparing a punitive expedition. the obverse and reverse of a slightly corroded siver coin A silver double shekel from Carthage's last mint of coins before its destruction. Modern scholars have advanced several theories as to why Rome was eager for war. These include: a Roman fear of Carthaginian commercial competition; a desire to forestall a wider war which might have broken out with the death of Masinissa, who was aged 89 at the time; the factional use of Carthage as a political "bogeyman", irrespective of her true power; a greed for glory and loot; and a desire to q ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 8 Jan 2023 18:35:31 +0100 From: "Home Depot Shopper Feedback" Subject: Leave your feedback and you could WIN! Leave your feedback and you could WIN! http://southwestsyrvey.shop/CxynyPOZhTipB3VjFQ9Cg0-4GgDPV0OhSPsOb-CwFNy2Sa-qCw http://southwestsyrvey.shop/qT6RnM1P3OAWSJwa-MQGwjBLDPtMlikT0VEhuPHIsGQ19hxEQQ may prey on mandrills, as traces of mandrill have been found in their feces. Other potential predators include African rock pythons, crowned eagles and chimpanzees. Leopards are a threat to all individuals, while eagles are only threats to the young. In a study where a mandrill group was exposed to models of leopards and crown eagles, the leopard models tended to cause the mandrills to flee up trees while the eagles were more likely to drive them to take cover. The dominant male did not flee from either model types; in the case of the leopards, he paced around while looking in their direction. Alarm calls were more commonly heard in response to leopards than eagles. Mandrills can become infected with gastrointestinal parasites, such as nematodes and protozoa. Tumbu fly larvae may live under the skin and individuals that walk though grassland can get infested with ticks. Blood parasites include the malaria-causing Plasmodium and the nematode Loa loa, which is transmitted by bites from deer flies. Wild mandrills have tested positive for SIV, enteroviruses of the species EV-J and astroviruses, including a human v ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 09:44:25 +0100 From: "EGO Snow Blower" Subject: EGO Snow Blower - Your order has shipped! EGO Snow Blower - Your order has shipped! http://eageleyes.live/tw_TCuYIxMTyXzjoo9efqMnjlN222xnat3QA0RdkKoTSoRRpnA http://eageleyes.live/CoawhBoG4PbORri3imYnG5DCW8alil5DhJNAEyE7IB-UDmh-vQ he main source for most aspects of the Punic Wars[note 1] is the historian Polybius (c.?200 b c.?118 BC), a Greek sent to Rome in 167 BC as a hostage. His works include a now-lost manual on military tactics, but he is best known for The Histories, written sometime after 146 BC. He accompanied his patron and friend, the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus, in North Africa during the Third Punic War; this causes the normally reliable Polybius to recount Scipio's actions in a favourable light. In addition, significant portions of The Histories' account of the Third Punic War have been lost. The account of the Roman annalist Livy, who relied heavily on Polybius, is much used by modern historians of the Punic Wars, but all that survives of his account of events after 167 BC is a list of contents. Other ancient accounts of the Third Punic War or its participants which have also been largely lost include those of Plutarch, Dio Cassius and the Greek Diodorus Siculus. Modern historians also use the account of the 2nd-century AD Greek Appian. The modern historian Bernard Mineo states that it "is the only complete and continuous account of this war". It is thought to have been largely based on Polybius's account, but several problems with it have been identified. These issues mean that of the three Punic wars, the third is the one about which the least is reliably known. Other sources include coins, inscriptions, archaeological evidence and empirical evidence from recon ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 15:15:07 +0100 From: "AlphaExtreme Partner" Subject: The Easy Two-In-One Trick For Harder & Lasting Erections! The Easy Two-In-One Trick For Harder & Lasting Erections! http://quickfitenhasment.live/6uhWoI1pMFsfbS1rBMnHxc7bw2kRfEASdFd-CXjuTheQ4jKCYg http://quickfitenhasment.live/x6izi_HgzdsSftwTuEA4sdRwZ5xKhBM2GDuGbPEu2azTXndC Scipio's position as the Roman commander in Africa was extended for a year in 146 BC. In the spring he launched a full-scale assault from the harbour area, which successfully breached the walls. Over six days, the Romans systematically worked their way through the residential part of the city, killing everyone they encountered and setting the buildings behind them on fire. On the last day Scipio agreed to accept prisoners, except for 900 Roman deserters in Carthaginian service, who fought on from the Temple of Eshmoun and burnt it down around themselves when all hope was gone. At this point, Hasdrubal surrendered to Scipio on the promise of his life and freedom. Hasdrubal's wife, watching from a rampart, then blessed Scipio, cursed her husband, and walked into the temple with her children to burn to death. 50,000 Carthaginian prisoners were sold into slavery. The notion that Roman forces then sowed the city with salt is likely[note 3] a 19th-century invention. Many of the religious items and cult-statues which Carthage had pillaged from Sicilian cities and temples over the centuries were returned with great ceremon ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #10483 ***********************************************